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Thursday, August 19, 2010

Advice for Buying Diamonds and Colored Gemstones

Celebrating a Special Occasion with Jewelry

Jewelry and gems, The Buying Guide

Colorful choices in colored Gemstones

Important advice before you buy colored gemstone

What to ask when buying the gemstone

Asking the right questions is the key to knowing what you're getting when it comes to buying gemstones. It is also the only way you can be sure what you are comparing when considering gems from different jewelers. Be sure the jeweler can answer your questions, or can get the answers for you. Then, be sure the jeweler is willing to put the answers in writing on your bill of sale. Finally, verify the facts; double check that the stone is as represented, by having it examined by a qualified gemologist appraiser. In this way you'll have no doubt about what you are getting, and you'll begin to develop a solid relationship with the jeweler from whom you make the purchase, based on confidence and trust. And, in the event the stone is not as represented, you'll know in time; and have the information you need, to get your money back.

Questions to ask when buying a diamond

You should always have very specific information before purchasing a fine diamond weighing one carat or more. For smaller stones, the information may not be so readily available, since most jewelers don't take the time to grade them precisely. An experienced jeweler, however, should be able to provide information regarding quality for stones from a half carat and up, or offer to find it for you. Indeed, some laboratory are now providing grading reports for diamonds from 0.47 carats and up.
Also keep in mind that since it is not possible to grade mounted diamonds accurately, we recommend that fine diamonds weighing one carat or more be purchased unmounted, or moved from the setting and then remounted. In jewelry containing numerous small diamonds, the stones are graded before they are set and information may be on the sales tag. If not, it is extremely difficult to know for sure what the true quality is, and much can be concealed by a setting. We recommend buying such pieces only from a knowledgeable jeweler with a good reputation.
Here are the basic questions to as and information that needs to be included on the bill of sale of your diamond:

1. What is the exact carat weight? Be sure the stone's weight is given, not its spread.

2. What is its color grade? And what grading system was used?

3. What is its clarity (flaw) grade? Again, ask what system was used?

4. What shape is it? Round, pear, marquise?

5. Is it well cut for this shape? How would the "make" be graded: ideal, excellent, good?

6. What are the exact millimeter dimensions of the stone?

7. Is this stone accompanied by a diamond grading report or certificate? Ask for a full report.

Be sure to find out what system was used to grade the stone. If GIA terms are used, ask if GIA standards and methods have been applied to grading the stone (Diamond).

Be sure to get the exact millimeter dimensions of the stone; the dimensions can be approximated if the stone is mounted. For a round stone, be sure you are given two dimensions for the stone's diameter; since most are not perfectly round, you need the highest and lowest. For fancy shapes, get the dimensions of the length and width. Always get the dimension from the table to the culet as well, that is, the depth the stone.

Be especially careful if the diamond is being taken out on consignment, on a jeweler's memorandum or sale slip, or on a contingency sale. Having the measurements in writing helps protect you from being accused of switching should you have to return the stone for nay reason.

Always ask if the stone has a certificate or diamond grading report and, if so, make sure it accompanies the stone; if you are taking the stone (diamond) on approval, ask for a copy of the report. If there is no report or certificate, find out who determined the color and flaw grades; make sure the seller puts that information on the bill of sale, and insist that the sale be contingent upon the gemstone's actually having the grades represented.

Additional questions to help you make your selection

Is it large enough?

This is a valid question and one you should be honest with yourself about. If you think the diamond is too small, you won't feel good about wearing it. Remember that such other factors as clarity and color can be judged several grades with little visible difference, and this might enable you to get a larger diamond. And remember that the color and type of setting can also help you achieve a larger look.

Does this diamond have a good make?

Does this stone have good proportion? How do its proportions compare to the "ideal?" Remember, much variance can exist and a diamond can still be beautiful, desirable gem even if it does not conform to the ideal.

Nonetheless, you won't want a diamond with poor proportions, so if you have any question about the diamond's brilliance and liveliness; if it looks lifeless or dull in spots, you should ask specifically about the proportioning of the cut. In addition, you should ask if there are any cutting faults that might make the diamond more vulnerable to shipping or breaking, as for example, an extremely thin girdle would.
Has this diamond been clarity enhanced?

Be sure to ask whether or not the diamond has been laser treated, or fracture filled. If it is accompanied by a GIA diamond report, the report will indicate lasering, if present. However, GIA won't issue a report on a fracture filled diamond and some jewelers don't know how to detect them. If there is no GIA diamond report, be sure to ask explicitly, and get a statement in writing that the diamond is or is not clarity enhanced, whichever the case may be. Getting this fact in writing may save you a big headache should you learn later that the diamond is enhanced.
Does this diamond show any fluorescence?

If a diamond fluoresces blue when viewed in daylight or under daylight type fluorescent light, it will appear whiter than it really is. This can be desirable quality so long as the diamond has not been graded or classified incorrectly. A diamond may also fluoresce yellow, which means that in certain light its color could appear worse than it actually is. If the diamond has a diamond grading report, any fluorescence will be indicated there. If there is no report, and if the jeweler can't tell you whether or not the diamond exhibits fluorescence, the diamond's color grade may be incorrect.

Special tips when buying a diamond

Ask the jeweler to clean the diamond

Don't hesitate to ask to have the diamond cleaned before you examine it. Cleaning will remove dirt, grease, or indelible purple ink. Cleaning is best done by steaming or in an ultrasonic cleaner. Cleaning also helps to ensure that you'll see the full beauty of the diamond; diamond can become very dirty just from customers handling them, and, as a result, look less brilliant and sparkling than they really are.

View the diamond against a dead white background

When looking at unmounted diamonds, look at them only against a dead-white background such as white blotter paper or a white business card, or on a grading trough. Examine the stone against the white background so that you are looking at it through the side, not down through the table. Tilt the diamond toward a good light source; daylight fluorescent lamp is the best. If the diamond shows any yellow body tint when viewed through the girdle, if it is not as colorless as an ice cube, then the diamond is not "white" or "colorless."

Get the facts on a bill of sale

Ask that all the facts concerning the diamond be put on the bill of sale. These include the carat weight, the color and flaw grades, the cut, and the dimensions. Also, be sure you obtain the report on any "certificated" diamond, as diamonds accompanied by laboratory reports are sometimes called.

Verify facts a with a gemologist

If a diamond is one carat or larger and not accompanied by a respected laboratory report, make the sale contingent on verification of facts by a qualified gemologist, gem testing lab, or the GIA. While the GIA will not estimate dollar value, it will verify color, flaw, grade, make, fluorescence, weight, and other physical characteristics.

Weight the facts

Decide what is important to you and then weigh the facts. Most people think color and make are the most important considerations when buying a diamond, but if you want a larger diamond, you may have to come down several grades in color, or choose a slightly spread stone, or select one of the new shapes that look much larger than traditional cuts. The most important thing is to know what you are getting, and get what you pay for.

What to ask when buying a colored gemstone

As with diamonds, it's very important to ask the right questions to help you understand the differences in gems you may be considering. Asking the following questions should help you to gain a greater understanding of the differences, determine what's right for you, and have greater confidence in your decision.

1. Is this a genuine, natural gemstone, or a synthetic?

Synthetic stones are genuine, but not natural.

2. Is the color natural?

Most colored gemstones are routinely color enhanced. However, gemstones such as lapis should not be, and you must protect yourself from buying dyed material that will not retain its color permanently.

Be especially cautious when buying any blue sapphire; make sure you ask whether or not the gemstone has been checked for diffusion treatment. Today, with diffused sapphire being found mixed in parcels of natural sapphires and unknowingly set into jewelry, it's possible that one may be sold inadvertently.

3. Clarify what the name means.

Be particularly careful of misleading names. when a gemstone is described with any qualifier such as Rio Topaz (which is not topaz), ask specifically whether or not the gemstone is genuine. Ask why the qualifier is being used.

4. Is the clarity acceptable, or do too many inclusions detract from the beauty of the gemstone?

Are there any flaws, inclusions, or natural characteristics in this stone that might make it more vulnerable to breakage with normal wear? This is a particularly important question when considering a colored gemstone.
While visible inclusions are more common in colored gems than in diamonds, and their existence has much less impact on value than they have on diamond value, value is nonetheless reduced if the inclusions or blemishes affect the gemstone's durability, or are so numerous that they mar its beauty.
Be especially careful to ask whether or not any inclusion breaks the stone's surface, since this may weaken the gemstone, particularly if the imperfection is in a position normally exposed to wear, like the top of the stone or around the girdle. This would reduce the gemstone's value significantly. On the other hand, if the flaw is in a less vulnerable spot, where it can be protected by the setting, it may be of minimal risk and have little effect on value.

A larger number of inclusions will usually detract noticeably from the beauty, especially in terms of liveliness, and will also generally weaken the gemstone and make it more susceptible to any below or knock. Such gemstones should be avoided unless the price is right and you're willing to assume the risk.

Also, certain gems, as mentioned previously, are more brittle than others, and may break or chip more easily, even without flaws. These gemstones include opal, zircon, and some of the new and increasing ly popular gems, such as iolte (water sapphire) and tanzanite. This does not mean you should avoid buying them, but it does mean you should give thought to how they will be worn and how they will be set. Rings and bracelets are particularly vulnerable, since they are more susceptible to blows or knocks; brooches, pendants, and earrings are less vulnerable.

5. Do you like the color? How close is the color to its pure spectral shade? Is it too light? Too dark? How does the color look in different types of lights?

Learn to look at color critically. Become familiar with the rarest, and most valuable, color of the gem of your choice. But after you do this, decide what you really like, for yourself. You may prefer a color that might be less rare, and therefore more affordable. Be sure the color pleases you; don't buy what you think you should buy unless you really like it.

6. Is the color permanent?

This question should be asked in light of new treatments (such as diffusion) and also because color in some gemstones is prone to fading. two examples are amethyst and kunzite (one of the new and increasingly popular gems). Just which ones will fade and which won't, and how long the process might take, no one can know. This phenomenon has never affected the popularity of amethyst and we see no reason for it to affect kunzite's popularity, but we feel the consumer should be aware of it. There is evidence that too much exposure to strong sunlight or intense heat contributes to fading in these gemstones, so we suggest avoiding sun and heat. It may be wise to wear these gems primarily for "evening" or "indoor" activities.

7. Does the gemstone need protective setting?

The setting may be of special importance when considering gemstone like tanzanite, opal, or emerald. They require a setting that will offer some protection; for example, one in which the main stone is surrounded by diamonds. A design in which the gemstone is unusually exposed, such as in a high setting or one with open, unprotected sides, would be undesirable.

8. Does the gemstone have a pleasing shape? Does it have a nice "personality?"

This will be determined by the cutting. Many colored gems are cut in fancy shapes, often by custom cutters. Fine cutting can enrich the color and personality, and increase the cost. However, with colored gems brilliance and sparkle are less important than the color itself. The most critical considerations must focus on color, first and foremost. Sometimes a cutter must sacrifice brilliance in order to obtain the finest possible color. But if the color is not rich enough or captivating enough to compensate for less brilliance, ask if the jeweler has something that is cut better and exhibits a little more sparkle. Keep in mind, however, that the more brilliant gemstone may not have the precise color you like, and that when buying a colored gem, color is the most crucial factor. Unless you find the gemstone's personality unappealing, don't sacrifice a beautiful color for a stone with less appealing color just because it may sparkle more. Compare, decide based upon what you like, and what you can afford.
When considering a pastel colored gem, remember that if it is cut too shallow (flat), it can lose its appeal quickly (but only temporarily) with a slight build up of greasy dirt on the back; the color will fade and liveliness practically disappear. This can be immediately remedied by a good cleaning.

9. What are the colorless gemstones?

In a piece of jewelry where a colored gemstone is mounted with colorless stones to accentuate or highlight its color, ask, "what are the colorless stones?" Do not assume they are diamonds. They may be diamonds, zircons, man-made diamond imitations such as CZ or YAG, or synthetic white spinel (spinel is frequently used in the Orient).

Special tips to remember when buying a colored gemstone

- When looking at unmounted gemstones, view them through the side as well as from the top. Also, turn upside down on a flat white surface so they are resting on the table facet and you can look straight down through the stone on the table facet and you can look straight down through the stone from the back. Look for evenness of color versus color zoning; shades of lighter or darker tones creating streaks or planes of differing color.

- Remember that color is the most important consideration. If the color is fine, the presence of flaws or inclusions doesn't detract from the gemstone's value as significantly as with diamonds. If the overall color or beauty deter is not seriously affected, the presence of flaws should not deter a purchase. But, conversely, flawless gemstones may bring a disproportionately higher price per carat due to their rarity, an larger sizes will also command higher prices. In pastel colored gems, or gemstones with less fine color, clarity may be more important.

- Be sure to check the gemstone's color in several different types of light; a spotlight, sunlight, or fluorescent or lamplight, before making any decision. Many gemstones change color; some just slightly, others dramatically, depending upon the light in which they are viewed. Be sure that the gemstone is a pleasing color in the type of light in which you expect to be wearing it most.

If considering a gemstone with rich, deep color; especially if it is for special occasions and likely to be worn mostly at night, be sure it doesn't turn black in evening light.

- Remember to give special attention to wear-ability. If you are considering one of the more fragile gemstones, think about how the piece will be worn, where, and how frequently. Also, pay special attention to the setting and whether the gemstone is mounted in a way that will add protection, or allow unnecessary, risky exposure to hazards.

Get the facts on the the bill of sale

If a colored gemstone is over one carat and exceptionally fine and expensive, make the sale contingent on verification of the facts by a qualified gemologist, appraiser, or gem testing lab such as GIA or American Gemological Laboratory (AGL).

Always make sure that any item you purchase is clearly described in the bill of sale exactly as represented to you by the salesperson or jeweler. For diamonds, be sure each of the 4 Cs is described in writing. For colored gems, essential information also includes the following:

- The identity of the stone or stones and whether or not they are genuine or synthetic, and not in any way a composite (Doublet, triplet).

- A statement that the color is natural, if it has been so represented; or, in the case of sapphire, a statement that the stone either is surface diffused, or that it is not surface diffused.

- A statement describing the overall color (hue, tone, intensity).

- A statement describing the overall flaw picture. This is not always necessary with colored gemstones. In the case of a flawless or nearly flawless gemstone it is wise to note the excellent clarity. In addition, note any unusual flaw that might prove useful for for identification.

- A statement describing the cut or make. This is not always necessary, but may be useful if the gemstone specially well cut, or an unusual or fancy cut.

- The carat weight of the main gemstone or gemstones plus total weight if there is a combination of main and smaller gemstones.

- If the gemstone is to be taken on approval, make sure that the exact dimensions of the gemstone are included, as well as any other identification characteristics. The terms and period of approval should also be clearly stated.

Other information that should be included for jewelry

- If the piece is being represented as being made by a famous designer or house (Van Cleef and Arpels, Tiffany, Caldwell, Cartier, etc.) and the price reflects this, the name of the designer or jewelry firm should be stated on the bill of sale.

- If the piece is represented as antique (technically, an antique must be at least a hundred years old) or as a "period" piece from a popular, collectible period like Art Deco, Art Nouveau, Edwardian (especially if made by a premier artisan of the period), this information should be stated on the bill of sale, with the approximate age or date of manufacture, and a statement describing "condition."

- If made by hand, or custom designed, this should be indicated on the bill of sale.

- If the piece is to be taken on approval, make sure millimeter dimensions; top to bottom, as well as a full description of the piece. Also, check that a time period is indicated, such as "two days," and before you sign anything, be sure that you are signing an approval form and not a binding contract for its purchase.

Tuesday, June 29, 2010

Gemstone Treatments And Disclosure

By Derek Parnell

When you purchase your next gemstone be sure to ask if the gemstone has had any treatments, as this can affect the value and durability of the gemstone. A good jeweller will automatically make this disclosure as part of the sale.

If you are purchasing a high-value gemstone such as Ruby, Emerald or Sapphire make sure it has a certificate from a laboratory that has the expensive equipment required to be able to detect some of these treatment. Most jewellers and gemologists have equipment that can detect certain levels of treatment, but it is only the laboratory equipped grading companies such as Gemological Institute of America and European Gemological Laboratory that can detect all the treatments available.

There are 10 major gem treatments that require disclosure from the seller to the buyer.

Bleaching, Cavity Filling, Colorless Impregnation, Dying, Fracture Filling, Heat Treatment, Irradiation, Sugar & Smoke Treatment, Surface Diffusion, Surface Modifiers. In this article we will look at 5 of them.

Cavity filling This type of treatment refers to those gemstones that have defects on the surface of the gemstone; these cavities and surface reaching fractures reduce the appearance and value of the gemstone. To enhance the value these imperfections are filled with different resins, plastic or glass, which improves the appearance and increases the gemstone weight. Due to the different Reflective Index of the filler material most gemologist can detect the fillers.

Dying. Is used to enhance the color of gemstones such as Chalcedony, Lapis, Jadeite, Cultured Pearl and Turquoise. These gemstones have one thing in common they are all porous, which enables the dye to reach just below the surface. To assist in having the dye penetrate, some gemstones are heated and then cooled quickly by quenching in water, this causes minute surface cracks into which the dye will flow. The more color a gemstone has the more appealing to the consumers.

Heat Treatment This is the most common among treatments and is used extensively on corundum (Sapphire, Ruby) to enhance the color of the gemstone. Heat can also be used to remove internal blemishes, or color centres to improve the gemstones color consistency. Most gemstones that are heated result in enhancing or changing the color are stable, however they are still enhancement and should be disclosed.

Irradiation You will find this treatment in some colored gemstones and colored Diamonds. This process began in the early 1990s and is used widely today, there are minimal traces of radiation in the gemstone but its never harmful if the correct procedures have been followed. The challenge in gemstones is the lack of stability and its sensitivity to heat once the process has been completed. Therefore it is important that you know the gemstone has been irradiated, if you ever have a jewellery item repaired make sure the stone is removed, as the heat will change the color. Most colored Diamonds are made affordable by irradiating the natural browns and yellow, which can turn them into blue, green and red colors making them more attractive and increasing their value. The process in diamonds is more stable but is still susceptible to changes with heat.

Surface Diffusion This treatment is becoming more common today with the enhancement of more valuable gemstones such as corundum. The gemstone is heated just below melting point, and then chemicals are used to penetrate the surface to become part of the crystal structure. This process is also used to produce stars (asterism) in some gemstones, again increasing value.

Disclosure It is not only unethical, it is also against the law to sell a natural gemstone that has been treated and not disclose the treatment. If a jeweller or gemologist does not know if a gemstone has had a treatment then he should assume it has and disclose it, or send to a laboratory to confirm one way or another. All treatments must be disclosed at the time of sale to the consumer. Unfortunately, today there are a lot of treated gemstones being sold as natural.

The reason sellers fail to disclose falls into four main categories:

Ignorance, they believe their suppliers, who mostly live in countries where these rules are not adhered to or do not exist.

Competitive Pressure, they feel they will be disadvantaged in a sale if their competitors do not disclose.

Resistance, they do not believe in the rules and do what they think is right.

Calculated Risk, If they don't disclose how often will they get caught and if they are caught they can probably make the problem go away by refunding or replacing the item.

A reputable seller will always provide disclosure, but its not a perfect world.


Read Also About Looking After Gemstone Jewellery
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Looking After Gemstone Jewellery

By Tim Vogel
Caring For Your Gemstone Jewellery:

Precious and semi-precious gemstone species, commonly used in jewellery, vary greatly in their intrinsic 'hardness'. In general, most gemstones have come to be favoured for adornment not only as a result of their inherent visual attractiveness, but also because they belong to a particular species, which is hard enough to withstand the vigour's of daily wear.

However, with the possible exception of diamond, all gemstones are susceptible to damage. Almost all will suffer scratches and chips in contact with most metals and all can be damaged by extremes of temperature and pressure. A few semi-precious gemstones are extremely soft and can be damaged by a fingernail!

In fact, it's even a fallacy to say that diamond cannot be damaged -diamonds will shatter in some circumstances. The old 'glass test',beloved of thriller writers, by which one tests the quality/authenticity of diamond jewellery, by attempting to scratch other hard surfaces, is not recommended!

As there are large differences in 'hardness' and therefore resilience to scratches, knocks, bumps and bangs, between each gemstone species, it's sensible to apply the same care considerations to all, before then applying additional specific special care for your particular gemstone species.

Cleaning Gemstone Jewellery.

· Keep your gemstone jewellery clean. A dry soft cotton cloth rub, after each wear, is by far the best way to prolong the beauty of your jewellery.

· Harder non-porous semi-precious gemstones, such as the quartz family and most precious gemstones can have heavy dirt removed using mild soapy water and a damp cloth. However several semi-precious species are not only porous but actually DISSOLVE in water! Great care is needed in accurately identifying your gemstone.

· It is wise to protect all semi-precious and precious gemstones from excessive heat and pressures. Both when wearing and when in storage.

· Excessive sun exposure will affect most semi-precious gemstones, some such as Amethyst will actually change colour.

· Household chemicals, cosmetics, body oils and dust can all damage gemstones. Always put your jewellery on after your make-up and perfume.

· Do not use silver cleaner on gemstones. Be careful to ensure that the silver cleaner only touches the silver part of your jewellery. Anti-tarnish agents can damage some gemstones.

· Store gemstone jewellery pieces individually - do not store in a big jumbled jewellery box. Your gemstone jewellery will scratch in contact with other jewellery items.

· Turquoise, Opals, Pearls, Mother of Pearl, Abalone, Shells and Corals all benefit from breathable storage. These species do not like long exposure to dry heated environments.

· It is sometimes advised to occasionally immerse gemstones, such as Opals, in water. Opals need moisture to look at their best. However, as most jewellery is a combination of materials, we would not advise immersion of your jewellery. It's also important to note that water is very rarely free of microscopic particulate matter, such as salts and other minerals; once the moisture has dried these particles remain trapped inside the gemstone. One has only to look at a granite cliff-face, to see the natural repercussions of this geological process. Cracks and fissures will form within your gemstone in exactly the same way!

· Strung beads and gemstone necklaces will hold onto moisture within the stringing material and should never be immersed in water.

If in any doubt, it is always best to seek the professional cleaning service of a jeweller. The cost of professionally cleaning your precious jewellery is not likely to be very great, especially when considered in relation to the 'cost' of damaging your jewellery.In the case of precious gemstone jewellery, the stone itself is likely to be by far the most expensive and difficult component to replace, regularly check the prongs, clasps and fitments of your jewellery.


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Gemstone Globes

A Great Way To Enhance Your Home Or Office
By Jennifer Akre

Gemstone globes are subtle decorations on a desk whether at home or at the office. Crafted with semi-precious or precious stones, gemstones globes will win you over. No matter what your designation at the office, possessing gemstone globes will enhance your reputation among colleagues and clients to no end.

Gemstone globes are mounted on a variety of mountings be it wood or metal. Since gemstone globes are crafted with care, you can be rest assured they are durable and long lasting. Gemstone globes can be displayed on desks and table tops to add color to an otherwise drab setting.

Table top gemstone globes add variety to desk furniture and convey an inherent elegance to the whole area. Most gemstone globes are crafted using semi-precious gemstones and make for a wonderful desk accessory. Another great gemstone globe is one that has a clock feature. Not only will it enhance your desk, it will also provide a much needed service by accurately displaying the time.

Some gemstone globes are mounted on pen sets and display elegance when combined in such a manner. A miniature gemstone globe mounted along with your pen is a stunning picture. Gemstone globes are available in ocean colors as well as in standard colors. Choosing gemstone globes is a relatively easy task no matter what your décor is.

Gemstone globes also make great gift items. There's nothing like a gemstone globe to lighten up a loved one's face. Mother of pearl gemstone globes are quite popular in this regard. Illuminated gemstone globes are the ideal corporate gifts and reflect your thoughtfulness as an employer. Gemstone clock globes are also a great gift idea. Some of the other popular gemstone globes are floor-standing gemstone globes which act as a standalone decorative piece.

Gemstone globes are also available in stunning colors. Those globes that feature voyages are available in green colors, but predominantly ocean colors are the best selling ones.

Gemstone globes are also mounted on sturdy bases so there is no fear of unwanted accidents. Delicate craftsmanship demands that you protect gemstone globes adequately. Having a base or even a metallic stand as a mounting offers this protection to gemstone globes. These stands or bases are not obtrusive in any way. More often than not sleek finish enhances the presentation of your gemstone globe.

Sometime wooden finishes also add color to gemstone globes. Consumers have a wide range of settings to choose from and can freely mix and match with their desk, table top or room decor.

Cleaning of gemstone globes is a delicate job and you need to be aware of the fact that industry polishers, cleansers, and solvents can damage precious stones and leave them tarnished. Therefore use a soft cloth when dusting gemstone globes to gently clean it. Using a dampened cloth with alcohol is also advised, but alcohol is not recommended on the stand or base because it may cause it to lose its sheen and have the appearance of being faded.


Read Also About Colored Gemstone Engagement
Read Also About Natural Vs Synthetic Gemstones
Read Also About Tumbled Gemstone Pendants
Read Also About Valuing Your Gemstone
Read Also About Some Fact About Gemstone

Gemstone Globes

A Great Way To Enhance Your Home Or Office
By Jennifer Akre

Gemstone globes are subtle decorations on a desk whether at home or at the office. Crafted with semi-precious or precious stones, gemstones globes will win you over. No matter what your designation at the office, possessing gemstone globes will enhance your reputation among colleagues and clients to no end.

Gemstone globes are mounted on a variety of mountings be it wood or metal. Since gemstone globes are crafted with care, you can be rest assured they are durable and long lasting. Gemstone globes can be displayed on desks and table tops to add color to an otherwise drab setting.

Table top gemstone globes add variety to desk furniture and convey an inherent elegance to the whole area. Most gemstone globes are crafted using semi-precious gemstones and make for a wonderful desk accessory. Another great gemstone globe is one that has a clock feature. Not only will it enhance your desk, it will also provide a much needed service by accurately displaying the time.

Some gemstone globes are mounted on pen sets and display elegance when combined in such a manner. A miniature gemstone globe mounted along with your pen is a stunning picture. Gemstone globes are available in ocean colors as well as in standard colors. Choosing gemstone globes is a relatively easy task no matter what your décor is.

Gemstone globes also make great gift items. There's nothing like a gemstone globe to lighten up a loved one's face. Mother of pearl gemstone globes are quite popular in this regard. Illuminated gemstone globes are the ideal corporate gifts and reflect your thoughtfulness as an employer. Gemstone clock globes are also a great gift idea. Some of the other popular gemstone globes are floor-standing gemstone globes which act as a standalone decorative piece.

Gemstone globes are also available in stunning colors. Those globes that feature voyages are available in green colors, but predominantly ocean colors are the best selling ones.

Gemstone globes are also mounted on sturdy bases so there is no fear of unwanted accidents. Delicate craftsmanship demands that you protect gemstone globes adequately. Having a base or even a metallic stand as a mounting offers this protection to gemstone globes. These stands or bases are not obtrusive in any way. More often than not sleek finish enhances the presentation of your gemstone globe.

Sometime wooden finishes also add color to gemstone globes. Consumers have a wide range of settings to choose from and can freely mix and match with their desk, table top or room decor.

Cleaning of gemstone globes is a delicate job and you need to be aware of the fact that industry polishers, cleansers, and solvents can damage precious stones and leave them tarnished. Therefore use a soft cloth when dusting gemstone globes to gently clean it. Using a dampened cloth with alcohol is also advised, but alcohol is not recommended on the stand or base because it may cause it to lose its sheen and have the appearance of being faded.


Read Also About Colored Gemstone Engagement
Read Also About Natural Vs Synthetic Gemstones
Read Also About Tumbled Gemstone Pendants
Read Also About Valuing Your Gemstone
Read Also About Some Fact About Gemstone

Friday, June 25, 2010

Colored Gemstone Engagement and Wedding Ring Buying Guide

By Bijan Aziz

Engagement Rings and Wedding Rings through the Ages

The allure of colored gemstone in Betrothal rings

Fascination with colored gemstones dates back to the very beginning of civilization. Long before the discovery of diamonds, the blue sapphire evoked visions of heaven; the red ruby was a reminder of the very essence of life. As early as Roman times, rings containing colored gemstones were prized as symbols of power and friendship. In fact, the most powerful; and the most beloved, wore rings o every joint of every finger, reflecting the status of their position!

As betrothal rings, colored gemstones also hold an illustrious position. In addition to the beauty of particular colors, certain powers attributed to certain colored gems made them not only beautiful but also meaningful choices. We see many examples of colored gemstones in engagement and wedding rings, from many centuries ago to the present, used both alone and in combination with diamonds.

Following the discovery of diamonds in South Africa, which made diamonds more widely available and affordable, colored gemstones were briefly ignored during the earlier part of this century. While there always been people who preferred colored gemstones despite the trends, colored gemstone engagement rings have only recently reemerged as a choice for the modern bride. The selection of a sapphire and diamond engagement ring by His Royal highness Prince Charles for lady Diana, followed not long thereafter by his brother Prince Andrew's selection of a ruby and diamond engagement ring for Sarah Ferguson, sparked a revival of interest in colored gemstones for the bride to be.

While rubies, sapphires and emeralds have historically been among the most coveted gems, particularly for important occasions, there are many alternatives in colored gems for today's bride, depending on budget and personal connection to bride herself. Keep in mind that most birthstones come in several colors. You may be surprised to learn that the color you associate with your birthstone may be only one of several colors in which the gemstone occurs.

For example, most people think garnet is dark red and are surprised to learn it can be emerald green, mandarin orange, yellow, white, purple; virtually every color in the rainbow except blue. If you have discarded the birthstone as a choice because you don't care for its color, check out all the colors in which it may be available before making a decision. Some colors in a particular gem may be rarer and less readily available and often costlier than better known colors, but your jeweler can work with you to discover your alternatives. One can combine a birthstone with diamonds, blending the symbolism of diamonds with the personal significance of the birthstone for a lovely, deeply meaningful, and often much more affordable ring.

In addition to birth gemstones, the choice of a particular colored gemstone may be connected to mystical powers, attributes, or symbolism with which the gemstone has been historically identified. There is an almost limitless wealth of information about colored gems, enough to stir the imagination of even the greatest cynic.

- Love rings and "Sentimental" jewelry

Throughout history, colored gemstones set in rings and other jewelry have carried hidden messages. We are seeing similar pieces being produced today. For example, a ring containing diamond, emerald, amethyst, ruby, emerald, sapphire, and topaz, arranged in that order, spells the word "dearest" if one takes the first letter of each word, thus carrying the sentiment that wearer is more dear than any other to the giver; a ring containing pearl, ruby, emerald, and sapphire spells "pres," which, in French, means "near" and suggests that the wearer is always near to the giver; amethyst, moonstone, opal, ruby, and emerald spells "amore," which is Italian for "love." And so on. Such a ring can create a wonderful, "sentimental" engagement ring.
Choosing the shape of a gemstone

Today's bride to be has more choices in engagement ring design and style than ever before. But the first step in creating the look you want is selecting the shape of the gemstone, A shape that is right for you. There are many shapes from which to choose, but it's important to choose the right shape because it will affect the overall design and look of your ring.

- Modern diamond shapes

1. Round brilliant

2. Pear shape

3. Marquise shape

4. Oval shape

5. Emerald shape

6. Heart shape

7. Princess shape

8. Radiant shape

9. Asscher Shape

10. Cushion Shape

In choosing a design that suits, taste, budget, and personality, one of the first steps is to decide on the diamond shape you want. Today, in addition to classic, round shape, there are many popular "fancy" shapes from which to choose.

As mentioned earlier, there are many exciting shapes, as well as the traditional "fancy" shapes; any shape other than a round, brilliant cut. Some of the new shapes lend themselves to very distinctive designs that would be difficult to create with other shapes; some exhibit unique personalities, not possible in any other; and some can even help you stay within your budget (some appear larger, for their weight, than traditional cuts, enabling you to get the size you want in a diamond that actually weighs less than you might have thought you need). One of the most exciting parts of searching for your ring is discovering what is really available today!

You should keep in mind, however, that fancy shapes, new and old, can be vary in their width and length, and in their basic proportioning, and these differences can result in a totally different look and feel on your hand. For example, an emerald cut diamond that is in a very long shape will look very different from one that is more squarish; a broad shouldered pear shape might look too triangular for the hand, while one with softer, more rounded shoulders might be just what what you want. To some extent, the choice of shape is a very personal matter, and there is no standard "ideal" range that is applied to shapes other than round, but you must be careful that the stone is not cut in such a way that is liveliness and brilliance is reduced or adversely affected.

As you begin to look at diamonds, try on all of the shapes; you may discover you like a shape you might not have considered otherwise! Try them in solitaire style (a single diamond at the center) and in designs that incorporate diamond accents or colored gemstone and diamond accents. It won't be long before you have a clear idea of the shape that best suits your personal style and taste, the shape that you really like best.

- Popular gemstone cuts frequently used as side gemstone for accent

1. Taper baguette

2. Straight baguette

3. Trilliant shape

In addition to the fancy shapes described above, there are several cuts that are frequently used as side accents. The most popular include straight baguettes, tapered baguettes, trilliant, and princess. There are also "specialty" cuts that are used to create very distinctive rings. These unusual shapes include half-moon shapes, trapezoids, kite shape, and bullets, and can be especially lovely accents with colored gemstones and diamonds.

Baguettes have been popular for many years and create a very traditional look. In both straight and tapered shapes, they are understated and serve simply to lead the eye to the important center stone. Today there are also "brilliant cut" baguettes; both straight and tapered, which some people prefer to use with a "brilliant cut" center gemstone; the overall impression across the top of the ring is then more uniformly brilliant.
Tapered or straight baguettes, used creatively, make elegant choices for diamonds or colored gemstones.

The trilliant is a relative newcomer that has quickly become one of the most popular choices to create an elegant and classic look. It is a triangular shape that has been cut with extra facets to create tremendous brilliance and liveliness. The trilliant, because it is cut from a very flat piece of diamond rough, also gives a very large look for its actual weight. It provides an important look to balance a large center stone, within a reasonable budget. They are popular choices to use with diamonds or colored gemstones.

The princess cut is also very popular as a choice for side stones, especially for channel set or bezel set designs.
Again, the use of side gemstones to accent a center stone (diamond or colored gemstone), and the shape of the side stone, is a matter of personal choice. In addition to the shapes mentioned here, almost any of the other popular shapes can be found in small sizes and can be used to create an interesting and distinctive ring.

- Popular shapes in colored gems

Colored gems can be found in any of the shapes described for diamonds. In addition, they are often seen in cushion cut, a modified oval. Keep in mind that some gems are more easily found in particular shapes than in others. For example, emeralds are most often seen in a rectangular shape (actually called "emerald cut") because this is the shape that tends to present emerald to its best advantage. In addition, natural crystal shape of emerald lends itself particularly well to a rectangular shape. Rubies and sapphires are often seen in the cushion cut. This is due in part to the shape of rough rubies and sapphires, but also to the fact that this cut seems to reveal the rich, lush color of these gemstones more fully than other cuts. Thus, it may be very difficult to find a sapphire or ruby in an emerald cut. Once again, your choice is very much a personal matter, but be aware that it may be very difficult, or impossible, to find certain types of gemstones in certain shapes.

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When it is published, May I request that you include my name and resource box (the bio., contact and copyright information that follows the article. I would also appreciate if you could send me an e-mail of notification along with a complimentary copy of publication.



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Gemstones Natural vs Synthetic

By Debra Hamer

What is a synthetic gemstone? A synthetic gem is created in a laboratory under controlled conditions. The gem is grown from a natural gemstone "seed". By controlling the environment in which the gem is grown, impurities and inclusions can be avoided which occur in natural gemstones. The created stones have perfect color and clarity which is so highly desired. Most natural gemstones have imperfections due to uncontrolled growing conditions in nature. Synthetic stones will have the same chemical, physical, and optical properties of their natural counterparts without the imperfections.

A good analogy for synthetic gemstone creation is growing roses. Roses grown in a hot house where their growing environment is controlled will be closer to perfection than roses that are grown in your backyard. They're both roses, but the backyard rose will most likely be flawed or imperfect due to disease, insects, and other environmental impacts. Not so with the hot house rose because of the controlled conditions.

Don't confuse simulant gemstones with synthetic gemstones. Simulants can be made up of any substance, like glass. They are made to simulate a particular gemstone, but they do not have the same chemical, physical, and optical properties of the natural gemstone like the synthetic gemstone. Some examples of simulants are cubic zirconia, moissanite, and yttrium aluminum garnet which are diamond simulants.

The most popular gemstones that synthetics have been created for are emeralds, sapphires, rubies and alexandrites. I'm sure you have seen jewelry with synthetic stones, also known as "created" gemstones in your local retail jewelry store. They are easier to obtain and less costly than natural gemstones. Synthetics have made it more affordable for people to own nice jewelry and many prefer the flawless created stones compared to the natural stones. You can usually spot a "created" stone because it's just too perfect in color and clarity. A natural stone, especially in rubies, sapphires, and emeralds, which is perfect in color and clarity, is scarce and the cost is beyond most people's means.

Should you buy a synthetic gemstone or jewelry with created stones over the natural gemstone choices? I would recommend going with your own personal preference. If you want a piece of jewelry with a flawless, perfect gem, then go with the synthetic gemstone. Also, if cost is a deciding factor. As a collector/investor my preference would be for the natural gemstone. It's value and appreciation factor will be much greater, flawed or not.

It's interesting that there are some gemstones man has not been able to synthesize in a laboratory. One example is the garnet family of gems. They have not been able to unlock garnet's secrets to create it in a lab.

How do I know if the gemstone is natural, synthetic (created), or a stimulant? If you can't tell by your own examination...ask! A reputable dealer or jeweler will be honest about the origins of the stone. If they don't know or won't say, then don't buy!

Another interesting fact about gemstones that is not common knowledge to the public is that the majority of gems on the market have been treated to create or enhance their color and clarity. There are many different treatments used today. Heat treatment is the most common and widely used. I have written another article specifically regarding gemstone treatments. You can go to Gemstone Treatments to read more on the subject.

As a gemstone collector/investor, as stated before, my preference is for natural gemstones, but as an adornment in jewelry a synthetic gemstone makes for a gorgeous ring, earrings or pendant at an affordable price.



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Tumbled Gemstone Pendants

Wear the Cool, Trendy Look
By Rakesh Rauly


Tumbled gemstone pendants have been used by both men and women since ancient times, although the term 'tumbled' was coined not very long ago and is now a common one in jewelry jargon. The only difference in the gemstone-fashioning technique, which we refer to today as 'tumbled', to the one employed by artisans in those early times, is the manner in which they created their versions of tumbled gemstone pendants. Centuries back, artisans did not have the tools and gemstone-fashioning techniques that jewelers possess today. Therefore, those early artisans cut whatever precious stones they discovered into little, irregular-shaped pieces. These little pieces were then attached to dry weeds, straw or animal hide and hung from their necks as tumbled gemstone pendants. Perhaps, the gemstone pendant that early man wore was the very first version of what jewelers, term today as a tumbled gemstone pendant.

As ancient as the tumbling process in gemstone-fashioning maybe, perhaps, you, like most people, may not fully understand what this process is all about. The common question that most jewelers today are asked is "what are tumbled gemstone pendants?" The word 'tumbled' doesn't refer to the pendants, but specifically, to the gemstones in a tumbled gemstone pendant itself. The actual process can be described as the polishing and smoothening of all surfaces of a gemstone by 'tumbling' it in a mixture of fine abrasive and liquid. Tumbled gemstone pendants are the products of this process which is distinctly different from the manual shaping and polishing of cabochon cut or faceted gemstones. The reason why teenagers and young adults clamor to have tumbled gemstone pendants is because of the dramatic, asymmetrical and unusually-shaped gemstones that evolve from the process of tumbling. The hundreds of such irregular-shaped gemstones have led to a wide range from which you can select your tumbled gemstone pendant easily.

The highlight of the tumbled gemstone process is that, it not only will give your gemstone pendant a polished look but will help to express the natural form, structure and unique beauty of each stone within your tumbled gemstone pendant. Such polished and asymmetric-shaped gemstones are created within sealed drums that possess rotating tumblers that ultimately accelerate the natural process and create the final gemstone form. This process can be likened to the smooth stones or pebbles you would find on river banks or beaches, the only difference being that this natural process is far slower than what modern day tumbled gemstone pendants go through.

Fortunately, there are various reputed gemstone dealers who utilize professional 'tumbling techniques' where you will find a wide variety of tumbled gemstone pendants. If you desire to have a particular shape of the gemstone you choose, an experienced jeweler could easily cater to your needs. Tumbled gemstone pendants are not just fashion statements made by the teenagers and young adults who wear them but items that express their youthfulness, verve and trendy lifestyle. If you are a teenager, young adult or simply young at heart, you can wear the cool trendy look, too.


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Valuing Your Gemstone

By Patricia Kraus

The value of a "living" gemstone is directly related to its rarity. Most of us have heard of using the 4 "C"s color, clarity, cut and carat, when determining the value of a gemstone. Weighing greatly on the rarity of a gemstone is color, clarity and cut, having to do with the quality of the stone and carat having to do with the size. Larger stones or stones with good color or clarity have a greater value because they are rarer. Keep in mind that color, probably being of most importance in colored gemstones, is of no importance when speaking of the brilliancy of a diamond where clarity and cut are used in determining its value. That being said, there is one more important piece of information to which many may be unaware and that is whether or not your stone has been treated or as some dealers describe it, enhanced.

Did you know that the treatment or enhancement of your gemstone can directly affect its value? For example, a large, untreated, (color unchanged) stone is much more desirable on the marketplace than a similarly "treated" stone and will never lose its color or beauty. A natural, untreated ruby or sapphire, for instance, can have up to 400% more market value than a similar heated ruby or sapphire. It is, therefore, undeniably important to totally understand gem treatments or enhancements at every level. Below are various methods of gemstone treatments along with information on how to detect that a gemstone has been treated, along with the disadvantages of certain treatments.

Living gemstones are routinely heated under controlled conditions to improve color, alter color, or improve clarity. Since natural heating also occurs under natural conditions, the artificial effects are sometimes indistinguishable from natural effects. Gemstones are normally heated at temperatures of 1200 degrees C, but can go as high as 1,800°C. Why does this matter? Your "magic" gemstone can become more brittle, causing fractures and chips. Be leery of dealers who claim that their gemstones were only treated using lower heats. That is sort of comparable to one becoming "a little bit pregnant". High quality unheated rubies and sapphires are extremely rare and command a much higher market price than the heated, but, understand that unheated/untreated specimens are almost non-existent. As a result, always purchase from a reliable supplier or have the seller's claim that a gemstone is untreated verified by a gemologist.

Radiation treatment is done to change the color of the gem, particularly in colored diamonds and topaz. Some diamonds may show microscopic characteristics indicative of radiation, such as a scalloped pattern around the culet or brownish radiation "spots" on the surface, but one normally needs high tech equipment in determining this type of treatment in a gemstone. R. Webster's Gems, fifth edition says that, ''A recent examination of a green diamond treated with americium-241 oxide indicated that this stone was not only radioactive, but that it could not safely be worn until the year 5071." Hoping that this would be the exception rather than the rule, it would still be prudent to buy from a reputable dealer, especially if you are purchasing topaz or colored diamonds. Further insist on a report from a certified gemologist when making any substantial gemstone purchase.

Beryllium treatment is a bulk diffusion process with which commonly uses beryllium, but may also include other chemicals such as lithium and titanium. Beryllium is not only a highly toxic material, but all the beryllium salts are known to be carcinogenic. As a result of this, the release of any beryllium or vaporized salts during the high temperature treatment process could have significant health consequences. There was even some concern that the there may be very small residual amounts left on the gemstone. Be aware that, many heated rubies and sapphires that were actually beryllium treated were only detected as heat treated by most of the world's labs. Unfortunately most labs don't have the very expensive equipment needed to detect a Beryllium treated living gemstone.

Fracture Filling is the process of filling surface breaking fractures with additives to improve clarity and or color. Emeralds commonly have their surface reaching cracks filled with resins, oleo-resins however with or without hardeners the treatment may not be stable. Beware of unscrupulous dealers who can add flux or glass in order to add extra weight to the gemstone, can use this treatment to get higher prices for their gemstones. Certainly, if you are aware of what you are buying, this process can provide some nice looking stones for a lot less money.

Laser drilling is the process that is commonly used in diamonds. A laser is used to bore a small hole in the diamond and burn an inclusion from the inside out. By reaching a dark inclusion with acid, the inclusion is bleached to a lighter color. Laser drilling makes the condition of the stone much less visible since it causes the inclusions to become invisible. It is extremely important that the laser drilled diamond be priced according to its original clarity grade and not the new clarity grade after treatment. Diffusion is a treatment used to deepen a gemstone's color by baking a layer of color into the gemstone's surface. This produces a false color for the stone and this treatment only intensifies a gemstone's outer layers. The problem with this treatment is that the color can eventually scratch off. Diffusion can be easily detected by a gemologist using a 10X magnification loupe. (Reference: http://yourgemologist.com)

So remember, treatments and enhancements are not always a bad thing. Some treatments produce beautiful stones and you can get more "bang for your buck" when purchasing a treated gemstone. But treatments can go either way since they create permanent changes in some gems and temporary changes in others. Therefore, the only way to be sure that your beautiful "magic" gemstone will stay beautiful forever is to buy them natural and untreated. And remember, before purchasing a living gemstone, be sure to buy from a reputable dealer, get a gemologist's report and familiarize yourself with the information and terminology provided above.


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Gemstones

You Must Know Some Facts
By Victor Thomas


Gemstones are used for making attractive ornaments. You may watch certain gemstone advertisements in the media. Most of the ads will confuse you by using distinct terms like natural gemstones, synthetic gemstones, simulated gemstones or combination of these confused terms. But in fact there are only 3 types of gemstones used in the UK. They are natural gemstones, genuine gemstones and synthetic gemstones.

* Natural gemstones are a gift of nature. They can be obtained only from nature without the interference of human beings. It is tough to afford these natural gemstones as they are very expensive.
* Genuine gemstones are stones which have to be undergone some process to improve its outlook. Most of the natural gemstones are treated for enhancing their appearance. Treated gemstones have known by the name of genuine gemstones.
* Synthetic Gemstones are made by human beings within a laboratory. They look similar to the natural stones. Even experts may feel difficult to differentiate this synthetic gemstones form the natural gemstones.


Price Tag

Demand and supply of gemstones are the two main factors which determine its price. As natural gemstones are very rare to get they cost too high. But the quality is incomparable. The only option is to get synthetic gemstones as they are comparatively cheap than natural gemstones. There are various versions can be obtained from the UK markets. Older synthetic gemstones were simple in its looks and they were imperfect in their shapes. But now synthetic gemstones are as same as natural gemstones. Gemologist or expert jeweler can detect them by analysis.

Shopping tips to get perfect gemstones

1. Go for a reputed jewellery shop or to a widely popular manufacturer for purchasing gemstones.
2. Verify your doubts regarding the quality of the stone before you pay for the stone.
3. Compare prices with multiple shops.
4. Get the details about the components.
5. Select the colour of the gemstone before you go for shopping.
6. Check the label whether it is a natural gemstone or a synthetic stone.
7. Always fix your budget earlier when you plan to buy a stone.

Make use these tips when you go for shopping for buying gemstones.



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Wednesday, June 23, 2010

How to Cleanse Gemstone Necklaces

By Isabelle Morton

The clutter on her desk piles up, and eventually, she can't get anything done until she clears it away. This familiar scenario serves as a metaphor for healing gemstone necklaces and the need to effectively cleanse them. If healing stones are properly cared for, their capabilities are extensive. When applied therapeutically, gemstones release unwanted energies from the patient's body and aura. In time, these unwanted energies collect on the surface of gemstones, as well as in the energy field that surrounds each of them. Much like the clutter on a desk, these unwanted energies get in the way of the gemstones' healing powers, and the stones must be cleansed.

There are many methods to cleanse gemstone necklaces. Running water, sunlight, moonlight, soil cleansing, smudging, salt, and clay packs and baths are among some of the common cleansing methods. In addition to these, we now have cleansing sprays made with the energetic imprint of gemstone energies specially designed to clear a variety of unwanted energies. This method may be the fastest, easiest, and most effective of all.

Water is effective for cleansing non-threaded mineral kingdom therapy tools, such as crystals and crystal clusters. However, there are significant drawbacks in using water to cleanse gemstone necklaces. The foremost is premature necklace breakage. This can occur if the necklace is cleansed in water as often as it should be (daily, or more often if you have a serious health condition). Also, it is best to keep in constant contact with a therapeutic gemstone necklace. If you break this contact to allow a necklace to dry, you lose connection with the necklace's resources. A network of supportive energy must be formed between the body and the necklace, and repeatedly losing contact with the necklace prevents this. In addition, water cleansing will be ineffective if the water emerging from your faucet is chlorinated, and the chlorine will eat away at the thread.

Sunlight is another popular method for gemstone necklace cleansing. However, sunlight can bleach the color from certain gemstones, and worse, it can impart harmful solar radiation. Sunlight only loosens unwanted energies from gemstones. These energies still need to be removed from the gems' energy field. If gemstones are placed in sunlight, they should always be placed behind a windowpane to avoid solar radiation, some of which is not therapeutic. Due to the constantly changing solar and cosmic radiation levels, sunbathing gemstones is no longer recommended.

Moonlight baths can be effective, but only for certain gemstones. Sugilite is one of these gems. Although it may seem that the moon's light (or, rather, the sun's reflection) does the cleansing, it is in fact the moon's gravitational pull. If you choose to make use of the moon for gemstone cleansing, first spray the gems with the new cleansing sprays, and then place them outside in a protected area that will be bathed in the moon's energy for at least a few hours.

If you live in the suburbs or a rural area, placing your gemstone necklaces outside on the soil or buried in it not only cleanses the gemstones, but also rejuvenates them with Earth energies. Moreover, plants and soil microbes have a natural life giving energy that can neutralize the unwanted energies that gemstones can accumulate. One drawback to soil cleansing is that animals have been known to dig up and relocate gemstones-much to the grief of the gems' owners! Some of these gems have been found weeks and months later, sometimes in distant parts of the yard. Another downside is that soil particles can get stuck in the thread and drill holes of a necklace, and the necklace would therefore need to be water cleansed. Prolonged exposure to soil can also dull the surface of softer gems, such as Apatite, Fluorite, and Rhodocrosite.

Cleansing your gemstones by placing them in a bowl of salt is easy. However, it is not a complete cleanse. Due to the nature of the salt crystal, it is able to absorb the bulk of unwanted energies, but not all of them. Also, it does not disperse these energies. In addition, the salt must be replaced every two to three days to keep it working effectively. This is no longer the most convenient or easy way to cleanse gemstones.

At first examination, clay seemed to be the gemstone-cleansing champion. Not only is clay capable of removing unwanted energies from the stones, but it also removes x-rays and electromagnetic radiation. Nevertheless, the downside to clay cleansing becomes apparent soon enough. Aside from being messy and time-consuming, clay puts unnecessary stress on the silk, and it actually deteriorates some gemstones.

Cleansing sprays made with the energies of healing gemstones have finally solved the problems involved with gemstone and crystal cleansing. The sprays eliminate the possibility of premature necklace breakage due to wet thread or inefficient cleansing methods. The sprays allow you to remain in constant contact with a healing gemstone necklace, and they do not harm the surface of gemstones that can be damaged by water, such as Lapis Lazuli, Malachite, and Mother of Pearl. Furthermore, soft gems such as Rhodocrosite, Fluorite, and Apatite are not at risk under the care of the sprays.

These sprays are safe, thorough, easy to use, and effective. They are capable of removing unwanted energies not only from the surfaces of gemstones, but also from within them, as well as from their surrounding energy fields. In addition, the sprays can clear a wide variety of unwanted energies, including negative energies, emotional energies, thought forms, entity contamination, pain residues, electromagnetic radiation, and the accumulation that blurs and obscures information communicated by our genes. Finally, the sprays provide a way for clinical practitioners to apply therapeutic gemstones in practice. Practitioners now have the ability to quickly, easily, and effectively cleanse their gem and crystal healing tools between patients.


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Gemstones

An Introduction For You To Make An Informed Choice
By Rose Mary


Gemstones are mineral crystals or organic materials that have been cut and polished into beautiful items by skilled craftsmen. The minerals are naturally formed, solid, inorganic chemical compounds found in rocks. Each mineral has a fixed chemical composition and regular atomic structure, which gives it the specific hardness and color it possesses. Many natural crystals are attractive enough to be displayed. However, most of these crystals are faceted and polished to enhance their appearance.

Few gems, which are called organics, come from plants and animals. These gems include ivory, amber and pearl. There is a category of gemstones known as synthetics. They do not have any natural origin and are produce in laboratories. These artificial gems are cut to resemble the real ones. They have the same physical properties and chemical composition with natural gemstones. Gemstones are, typically, measured by their weight in carats.

To be considered a gemstone, it has to be rare, beautiful and durable. Gemstones, in its natural crystalline form, are rare, which means that they could only be found in certain parts of the world. Their scarcity makes them valuable in the market. The color of the minerals must be attractive, so that the gemstones will appear beautiful. Gemstones must be durable, which means that they should be hard enough to withstand scratches and damage.

The most valuable characteristic of gemstones is the color. Colorful gemstones such as emeralds, rubies and sapphires are highly priced. Diamonds, though colorless, are made beautiful and brilliant by skillful forms of cutting. White light is made up of a combination of the spectrum of colors. When white light falls on a gemstone, some of the colors are absorbed while the rest are reflected back. Those colors that are reflected are what we see as color of the gemstone. As each mineral interacts with light differently, a wide variety of colors of gemstones is produced.

The physical properties of gemstones are their hardness, their specific gravity, and the way they break. These properties depend largely on the atomic structure and the chemical bonding of the stone. The hardness of a gemstone is measured by how well it resists scratching. The specific gravity or density of a gemstone is derived by assessing its weight base on the weight of an equal volume of water. Gemstones can break in two ways, either by cleaving or fracture. The way they break depends on the atomic structure of the stone. Gemstones that cleave will break along the planes of weak atomic bonding. Those that fracture will break along a surface which has no relation to its atomic structure.

Gem cutting is a form of art which is done to produce finely cut faceted gems. This art contributes to the beauty of the gemstone and its value. There has been much progress made in gem cutting and polishing methods. These improved methods, coupled with an increased knowledge of the way gemstones responds to light, have resulted in marked improvements made on the appearance of gemstones.

Gemologists are fascinated by gemstones. They study each gemstone in-depth, both in its natural state and after it has been cut and polished. Gemologists are able identify every individual gemstone, as well as distinguish between a natural stone and a fake one.

Since early times, gemstones are considered precious and are well sought after. In the past, gemstones are known to represent wealth and power. They are used not only as jewels to decorate crowns and robes but also as amulets, talisman and charms. Nowadays, gemstones are not only for the wealthy, but rather they are appreciated by anyone who finds them beautiful and charming. Gemstones are commonly used to make creative jewelry pieces which are widely worn as accessories for personal adornment. Gemstones are highly treasured by people from all walks of life because of their unfading beauty with time. Being captivated by the timeless beauty of gemstones, most people desire to possess them. Hence, some people buy gemstones for collection purposes, while others buy gemstone jewelry for personal adornment or as gifts for friends. Gems that represent birthstones are commonly used as birthday presents. Due to the wide variety of gemstone jewelry items available in the market, there are plenty of gift ideas to choose from.


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Advice for Buying Diamonds and Colored Gemstones

By Bijan Aziz



Celebrating a Special Occasion with Jewelry

Jewelry and gems, The Buying Guide

Colorful choices in colored Gemstones

Important advice before you buy colored gemstone

What to ask when buying the gemstone

Asking the right questions is the key to knowing what you're getting when it comes to buying gemstones. It is also the only way you can be sure what you are comparing when considering gems from different jewelers. Be sure the jeweler can answer your questions, or can get the answers for you. Then, be sure the jeweler is willing to put the answers in writing on your bill of sale. Finally, verify the facts; double check that the stone is as represented, by having it examined by a qualified gemologist appraiser. In this way you'll have no doubt about what you are getting, and you'll begin to develop a solid relationship with the jeweler from whom you make the purchase, based on confidence and trust. And, in the event the stone is not as represented, you'll know in time; and have the information you need, to get your money back.

Questions to ask when buying a diamond

You should always have very specific information before purchasing a fine diamond weighing one carat or more. For smaller stones, the information may not be so readily available, since most jewelers don't take the time to grade them precisely. An experienced jeweler, however, should be able to provide information regarding quality for stones from a half carat and up, or offer to find it for you. Indeed, some laboratory are now providing grading reports for diamonds from 0.47 carats and up.
Also keep in mind that since it is not possible to grade mounted diamonds accurately, we recommend that fine diamonds weighing one carat or more be purchased unmounted, or moved from the setting and then remounted. In jewelry containing numerous small diamonds, the stones are graded before they are set and information may be on the sales tag. If not, it is extremely difficult to know for sure what the true quality is, and much can be concealed by a setting. We recommend buying such pieces only from a knowledgeable jeweler with a good reputation.
Here are the basic questions to as and information that needs to be included on the bill of sale of your diamond:

1. What is the exact carat weight? Be sure the stone's weight is given, not its spread.

2. What is its color grade? And what grading system was used?

3. What is its clarity (flaw) grade? Again, ask what system was used?

4. What shape is it? Round, pear, marquise?

5. Is it well cut for this shape? How would the "make" be graded: ideal, excellent, good?

6. What are the exact millimeter dimensions of the stone?

7. Is this stone accompanied by a diamond grading report or certificate? Ask for a full report.

Be sure to find out what system was used to grade the stone. If GIA terms are used, ask if GIA standards and methods have been applied to grading the stone (Diamond).

Be sure to get the exact millimeter dimensions of the stone; the dimensions can be approximated if the stone is mounted. For a round stone, be sure you are given two dimensions for the stone's diameter; since most are not perfectly round, you need the highest and lowest. For fancy shapes, get the dimensions of the length and width. Always get the dimension from the table to the culet as well, that is, the depth the stone.

Be especially careful if the diamond is being taken out on consignment, on a jeweler's memorandum or sale slip, or on a contingency sale. Having the measurements in writing helps protect you from being accused of switching should you have to return the stone for nay reason.

Always ask if the stone has a certificate or diamond grading report and, if so, make sure it accompanies the stone; if you are taking the stone (diamond) on approval, ask for a copy of the report. If there is no report or certificate, find out who determined the color and flaw grades; make sure the seller puts that information on the bill of sale, and insist that the sale be contingent upon the gemstone's actually having the grades represented.

Additional questions to help you make your selection

Is it large enough?

This is a valid question and one you should be honest with yourself about. If you think the diamond is too small, you won't feel good about wearing it. Remember that such other factors as clarity and color can be judged several grades with little visible difference, and this might enable you to get a larger diamond. And remember that the color and type of setting can also help you achieve a larger look.

Does this diamond have a good make?

Does this stone have good proportion? How do its proportions compare to the "ideal?" Remember, much variance can exist and a diamond can still be beautiful, desirable gem even if it does not conform to the ideal.

Nonetheless, you won't want a diamond with poor proportions, so if you have any question about the diamond's brilliance and liveliness; if it looks lifeless or dull in spots, you should ask specifically about the proportioning of the cut. In addition, you should ask if there are any cutting faults that might make the diamond more vulnerable to shipping or breaking, as for example, an extremely thin girdle would.
Has this diamond been clarity enhanced?

Be sure to ask whether or not the diamond has been laser treated, or fracture filled. If it is accompanied by a GIA diamond report, the report will indicate lasering, if present. However, GIA won't issue a report on a fracture filled diamond and some jewelers don't know how to detect them. If there is no GIA diamond report, be sure to ask explicitly, and get a statement in writing that the diamond is or is not clarity enhanced, whichever the case may be. Getting this fact in writing may save you a big headache should you learn later that the diamond is enhanced.
Does this diamond show any fluorescence?

If a diamond fluoresces blue when viewed in daylight or under daylight type fluorescent light, it will appear whiter than it really is. This can be desirable quality so long as the diamond has not been graded or classified incorrectly. A diamond may also fluoresce yellow, which means that in certain light its color could appear worse than it actually is. If the diamond has a diamond grading report, any fluorescence will be indicated there. If there is no report, and if the jeweler can't tell you whether or not the diamond exhibits fluorescence, the diamond's color grade may be incorrect.

Special tips when buying a diamond

Ask the jeweler to clean the diamond

Don't hesitate to ask to have the diamond cleaned before you examine it. Cleaning will remove dirt, grease, or indelible purple ink. Cleaning is best done by steaming or in an ultrasonic cleaner. Cleaning also helps to ensure that you'll see the full beauty of the diamond; diamond can become very dirty just from customers handling them, and, as a result, look less brilliant and sparkling than they really are.

View the diamond against a dead white background

When looking at unmounted diamonds, look at them only against a dead-white background such as white blotter paper or a white business card, or on a grading trough. Examine the stone against the white background so that you are looking at it through the side, not down through the table. Tilt the diamond toward a good light source; daylight fluorescent lamp is the best. If the diamond shows any yellow body tint when viewed through the girdle, if it is not as colorless as an ice cube, then the diamond is not "white" or "colorless."

Get the facts on a bill of sale

Ask that all the facts concerning the diamond be put on the bill of sale. These include the carat weight, the color and flaw grades, the cut, and the dimensions. Also, be sure you obtain the report on any "certificated" diamond, as diamonds accompanied by laboratory reports are sometimes called.

Verify facts a with a gemologist

If a diamond is one carat or larger and not accompanied by a respected laboratory report, make the sale contingent on verification of facts by a qualified gemologist, gem testing lab, or the GIA. While the GIA will not estimate dollar value, it will verify color, flaw, grade, make, fluorescence, weight, and other physical characteristics.

Weight the facts

Decide what is important to you and then weigh the facts. Most people think color and make are the most important considerations when buying a diamond, but if you want a larger diamond, you may have to come down several grades in color, or choose a slightly spread stone, or select one of the new shapes that look much larger than traditional cuts. The most important thing is to know what you are getting, and get what you pay for.

What to ask when buying a colored gemstone

As with diamonds, it's very important to ask the right questions to help you understand the differences in gems you may be considering. Asking the following questions should help you to gain a greater understanding of the differences, determine what's right for you, and have greater confidence in your decision.

1. Is this a genuine, natural gemstone, or a synthetic?

Synthetic stones are genuine, but not natural.

2. Is the color natural?

Most colored gemstones are routinely color enhanced. However, gemstones such as lapis should not be, and you must protect yourself from buying dyed material that will not retain its color permanently.

Be especially cautious when buying any blue sapphire; make sure you ask whether or not the gemstone has been checked for diffusion treatment. Today, with diffused sapphire being found mixed in parcels of natural sapphires and unknowingly set into jewelry, it's possible that one may be sold inadvertently.

3. Clarify what the name means.

Be particularly careful of misleading names. when a gemstone is described with any qualifier such as Rio Topaz (which is not topaz), ask specifically whether or not the gemstone is genuine. Ask why the qualifier is being used.

4. Is the clarity acceptable, or do too many inclusions detract from the beauty of the gemstone?

Are there any flaws, inclusions, or natural characteristics in this stone that might make it more vulnerable to breakage with normal wear? This is a particularly important question when considering a colored gemstone.
While visible inclusions are more common in colored gems than in diamonds, and their existence has much less impact on value than they have on diamond value, value is nonetheless reduced if the inclusions or blemishes affect the gemstone's durability, or are so numerous that they mar its beauty.
Be especially careful to ask whether or not any inclusion breaks the stone's surface, since this may weaken the gemstone, particularly if the imperfection is in a position normally exposed to wear, like the top of the stone or around the girdle. This would reduce the gemstone's value significantly. On the other hand, if the flaw is in a less vulnerable spot, where it can be protected by the setting, it may be of minimal risk and have little effect on value.

A larger number of inclusions will usually detract noticeably from the beauty, especially in terms of liveliness, and will also generally weaken the gemstone and make it more susceptible to any below or knock. Such gemstones should be avoided unless the price is right and you're willing to assume the risk.

Also, certain gems, as mentioned previously, are more brittle than others, and may break or chip more easily, even without flaws. These gemstones include opal, zircon, and some of the new and increasing ly popular gems, such as iolte (water sapphire) and tanzanite. This does not mean you should avoid buying them, but it does mean you should give thought to how they will be worn and how they will be set. Rings and bracelets are particularly vulnerable, since they are more susceptible to blows or knocks; brooches, pendants, and earrings are less vulnerable.

5. Do you like the color? How close is the color to its pure spectral shade? Is it too light? Too dark? How does the color look in different types of lights?

Learn to look at color critically. Become familiar with the rarest, and most valuable, color of the gem of your choice. But after you do this, decide what you really like, for yourself. You may prefer a color that might be less rare, and therefore more affordable. Be sure the color pleases you; don't buy what you think you should buy unless you really like it.

6. Is the color permanent?

This question should be asked in light of new treatments (such as diffusion) and also because color in some gemstones is prone to fading. two examples are amethyst and kunzite (one of the new and increasingly popular gems). Just which ones will fade and which won't, and how long the process might take, no one can know. This phenomenon has never affected the popularity of amethyst and we see no reason for it to affect kunzite's popularity, but we feel the consumer should be aware of it. There is evidence that too much exposure to strong sunlight or intense heat contributes to fading in these gemstones, so we suggest avoiding sun and heat. It may be wise to wear these gems primarily for "evening" or "indoor" activities.

7. Does the gemstone need protective setting?

The setting may be of special importance when considering gemstone like tanzanite, opal, or emerald. They require a setting that will offer some protection; for example, one in which the main stone is surrounded by diamonds. A design in which the gemstone is unusually exposed, such as in a high setting or one with open, unprotected sides, would be undesirable.

8. Does the gemstone have a pleasing shape? Does it have a nice "personality?"

This will be determined by the cutting. Many colored gems are cut in fancy shapes, often by custom cutters. Fine cutting can enrich the color and personality, and increase the cost. However, with colored gems brilliance and sparkle are less important than the color itself. The most critical considerations must focus on color, first and foremost. Sometimes a cutter must sacrifice brilliance in order to obtain the finest possible color. But if the color is not rich enough or captivating enough to compensate for less brilliance, ask if the jeweler has something that is cut better and exhibits a little more sparkle. Keep in mind, however, that the more brilliant gemstone may not have the precise color you like, and that when buying a colored gem, color is the most crucial factor. Unless you find the gemstone's personality unappealing, don't sacrifice a beautiful color for a stone with less appealing color just because it may sparkle more. Compare, decide based upon what you like, and what you can afford.
When considering a pastel colored gem, remember that if it is cut too shallow (flat), it can lose its appeal quickly (but only temporarily) with a slight build up of greasy dirt on the back; the color will fade and liveliness practically disappear. This can be immediately remedied by a good cleaning.

9. What are the colorless gemstones?

In a piece of jewelry where a colored gemstone is mounted with colorless stones to accentuate or highlight its color, ask, "what are the colorless stones?" Do not assume they are diamonds. They may be diamonds, zircons, man-made diamond imitations such as CZ or YAG, or synthetic white spinel (spinel is frequently used in the Orient).

Special tips to remember when buying a colored gemstone

- When looking at unmounted gemstones, view them through the side as well as from the top. Also, turn upside down on a flat white surface so they are resting on the table facet and you can look straight down through the stone on the table facet and you can look straight down through the stone from the back. Look for evenness of color versus color zoning; shades of lighter or darker tones creating streaks or planes of differing color.

- Remember that color is the most important consideration. If the color is fine, the presence of flaws or inclusions doesn't detract from the gemstone's value as significantly as with diamonds. If the overall color or beauty deter is not seriously affected, the presence of flaws should not deter a purchase. But, conversely, flawless gemstones may bring a disproportionately higher price per carat due to their rarity, an larger sizes will also command higher prices. In pastel colored gems, or gemstones with less fine color, clarity may be more important.

- Be sure to check the gemstone's color in several different types of light; a spotlight, sunlight, or fluorescent or lamplight, before making any decision. Many gemstones change color; some just slightly, others dramatically, depending upon the light in which they are viewed. Be sure that the gemstone is a pleasing color in the type of light in which you expect to be wearing it most.

If considering a gemstone with rich, deep color; especially if it is for special occasions and likely to be worn mostly at night, be sure it doesn't turn black in evening light.

- Remember to give special attention to wear-ability. If you are considering one of the more fragile gemstones, think about how the piece will be worn, where, and how frequently. Also, pay special attention to the setting and whether the gemstone is mounted in a way that will add protection, or allow unnecessary, risky exposure to hazards.

Get the facts on the the bill of sale

If a colored gemstone is over one carat and exceptionally fine and expensive, make the sale contingent on verification of the facts by a qualified gemologist, appraiser, or gem testing lab such as GIA or American Gemological Laboratory (AGL).

Always make sure that any item you purchase is clearly described in the bill of sale exactly as represented to you by the salesperson or jeweler. For diamonds, be sure each of the 4 Cs is described in writing. For colored gems, essential information also includes the following:

- The identity of the stone or stones and whether or not they are genuine or synthetic, and not in any way a composite (Doublet, triplet).

- A statement that the color is natural, if it has been so represented; or, in the case of sapphire, a statement that the stone either is surface diffused, or that it is not surface diffused.

- A statement describing the overall color (hue, tone, intensity).

- A statement describing the overall flaw picture. This is not always necessary with colored gemstones. In the case of a flawless or nearly flawless gemstone it is wise to note the excellent clarity. In addition, note any unusual flaw that might prove useful for for identification.

- A statement describing the cut or make. This is not always necessary, but may be useful if the gemstone specially well cut, or an unusual or fancy cut.

- The carat weight of the main gemstone or gemstones plus total weight if there is a combination of main and smaller gemstones.

- If the gemstone is to be taken on approval, make sure that the exact dimensions of the gemstone are included, as well as any other identification characteristics. The terms and period of approval should also be clearly stated.

Other information that should be included for jewelry

- If the piece is being represented as being made by a famous designer or house (Van Cleef and Arpels, Tiffany, Caldwell, Cartier, etc.) and the price reflects this, the name of the designer or jewelry firm should be stated on the bill of sale.

- If the piece is represented as antique (technically, an antique must be at least a hundred years old) or as a "period" piece from a popular, collectible period like Art Deco, Art Nouveau, Edwardian (especially if made by a premier artisan of the period), this information should be stated on the bill of sale, with the approximate age or date of manufacture, and a statement describing "condition."

- If made by hand, or custom designed, this should be indicated on the bill of sale.

- If the piece is to be taken on approval, make sure millimeter dimensions; top to bottom, as well as a full description of the piece. Also, check that a time period is indicated, such as "two days," and before you sign anything, be sure that you are signing an approval form and not a binding contract for its purchase.



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